Present in varying quantities within mineral deposits, clay and clay minerals are particles with a plate-like structure less than two microns in size. Despite how tiny these particles are, they can represent a significant challenge when it comes to tailings management because some types of clay, such as bentonite, swell up so much that it is very difficult to remove water from them in dewatering processes.
Clay particles can represent a significant challenge when it comes to tailings management because they swell up so much that it is very difficult to remove water from them in dewatering processes
In ponds containing oilsands, copper, potash or diamond tailings, heavier elements settle quickly to the bottom and fine particles and clays remain suspended. Since clay absorbs so much water, the liquid remains trapped in the tailings and this makes consolidation and subsequent reclamation very challenging.
However, the real-time measurements of clay concentrations proposed by the researchers working in Saskatchewan and Alberta promise to help in limiting the use of treatment solutions based on strong chemicals that modify clay properties to accelerate dewatering and consolidation.
Called a “clay analyzer,” the system is based on the methylene blue index method that allows for in-field clay measurement, as the dye can help determine key properties such as particle size, mineral type, surface area, cation exchange capacity, plasticity and flow behaviour.
“The clay analyzer will assist in near real-time measurements of clay concentrations, which will allow the companies to develop strategies for effective process control and tailings management options that can reduce the use of chemicals, resulting in savings on operations costs and reducing tailing deposit footprints,” the scientists said in a media statement.
