Know the difference between real estate taxes and personal property tax

Market Trading EssentialsAugust 20, 2021

3 minutes read

If you own a home, you’re likely familiar with real estate taxes (you may even call them property taxes since the terms have become interchangeable). But hold the checkbook, the two aren’t exactly the same!

Though you may lament receiving your “property tax” bill or statement that lets you know how much tax you’ll have to pay each year or how much your mortgage company will fork over for your real estate taxes. If you have a mortgage, it’s usually part of your payment. The confusion lies in the word property since there is also a personal property tax.

KEY TAKEAWAYS

· Though the terms real estate taxes and property taxes are used interchangeably sometimes, the two are different.

· Real estate taxes are the amount of money the municipality you live in charges you for the assessed value of your home.

· Personal Property taxes are assessed on moveable items such as cars, campers, boats, and business machinery, equipment, or furniture—stuff that’s moveable.

What are Real Estate Taxes?

Real estate taxes are annual taxes a homeowner must pay on the assessed value of their house. Every city and state municipality determines how much the real estate tax rate is by multiplying the fair market value of a home by the predetermined percentage in that municipality to arrive at the tax assessment value. Ever hear people complain about the high cost of real estate taxes in their area? This is what they’re referring to, and higher tax rates are often found in large cities like New York or Los Angeles.

The amount of real estate taxes you pay will depend on how much your home is valued as well as the part of the country you live in. For example, a rural city in Oklahoma likely has a way lower real estate tax rate than a popular big city on say, one of the coasts or in a major metropolis like Dallas or Chicago.

How are Real Estate Taxes Determined?

Let’s say your house has a fair market value of $350,000 and the predetermined percentage in your municipality is 65%, the tax assessment value of your home is $227,500, or $350,000 x 65%.

If your local tax rate is 3%, then you would pay $6,825 in real estate tax per year. If your local tax rate was higher, say 8%, you’d pay $18,200 on a similarly valued home in another locale. Location, location, location.

What is Personal Property Taxes?

Property tax is what’s referred to as personal property tax. Your personal property is things that aren’t permanent but stuff that’s movable. For example, your car is personal property and when you register it every year, you’re essentially paying a property tax on it.

Things like boats, planes, campers, RVs ATVs, farm equipment, and business equipment like furniture or machinery are taxed under personal property. Since they’re all moveable, a personal property tax is assessed on their value, similarly to how your home’s tax value is assessed.

Interesting to note, that mobile homes are taxed under personal property rather than real estate, even though, yes, you live in them as a home, but technically, they’re moveable so go figure. However, if you own the land that you have a mobile home on, it would be taxed under real estate taxes on its assessed land value.

How much you pay for your personal property tax on these items also depends on your city and municipality and the going personal property tax rate there as well as how much assessed value each personal item is worth.

Why are Real Estate and Personal Property Taxes Separate Taxes?

First, the rate of taxes that you pay is different. Suffice it to say that real estate taxes are much steeper than personal property taxes. When you think about it, you can typically register a car annually for a fee of $40-$75, with a value of $20,000-$60,000, but a home is assessed at a much higher value with a much higher tax rate. Even the cheapest real estate taxes in the country for a modest valued home would likely be several hundred dollars.

Second, you may be able to deduct real estate taxes on your home as expenses on your federal tax return if you live in the home and itemize deductions on Schedule A. Personal property taxes may also be deducted if you itemize, but the deductions will be a lot less on a boat or RV than they would on your home and go in a different place on your federal return. This is not only because your personal property has less value than a home typically but also because it’s taxed at a lower rate than real estate taxes.

The Bottom Line

Now that you understand the difference between real estate taxes and personality property taxes, you may be less likely to use the terms interchangeably and more apt to understand the tax statements and bills you receive for each one.